Càit a bheil thu a'dol? - Tha mi a' dol ... Càit a bheil sibh a'dol? - Tha sinn a' dol ... dhan bhaile dhan sgoil dhan bhùth dhan oifis dhan stèisean dhan bhanca Steòrnabhagh Inbhir Nis Lunnainn Disathairne Càit a bheil thu a'dol an-diugh? Càit a bheil thu a'dol a-nochd? Càit a bheil thu a'dol a-màireach? Tha mi a' dol a-mach. Tha mi a' dol a chèilidh air Anna. Tha mi a' dol gu dannsa. Tha mi a' dol a dh'obair. Tha sinn a' dol dhachaigh.
Tìoraidh! Tìoraidh an-dràsda! Tìoraidh ma-tha! Mar sin leibh! Mar sin leibh an-dràsda! Feumaidh mi falbh. Tha mi duilich. Slàn leibh! Mar sin leat! Slàn leat! Oidhche mhath! Carson? Tha mi sgìth. Tha film air an telebhisean. Tha cabhag orm. Tha mi a' falbh. Tha an trèana a' falbh. Tha am bus a'falbh. Tha am bàta a'falbh aig coig uairean. Chì mi a-rithist thu. Chì mi a-rithist sibh.
Today's Rhoda:
Dè an uair a tha e? - Tha e ... uair dà uair trì uairean ... deich uairean aon uair deag dá uair dheag gu bhith dà uair cairteal gu dhà cairteal gu dà uair leth-uair an dèidh dhà Cuin a tha am film air? - Tha am film air aig dà uair. Cuin a tha am ball-coise air? Cuin a tha sibh a' fosglach? Cuin a tha a' bhùth a' fosglach? Cuin a tha an oifis a' fosglach?
What's Rhoda wearing?
"The researchers analysed genetic samples from 14 Jewish communities across the world and compared them with those from 69 non-Jewish populations. Their study, published in Nature, revealed that most Jewish populations were 'genetically closer' to each other than to their non-Jewish neighbours. It also revealed genetic ties between globally dispersed Jews and non-Jewish populations in the Middle East."
mac nighean balach dithis triùir ceathrar balach beag nighean bheag A bheil clann agad? - Tha. - Tha, tha ... agam. - Chan eil. - Chan eil clann agam. - Chan eil fhathast. A bheil clann agaibh? - Tha, tha ... againn. - Chan eil clann againn. - Chan eil fhathast. Greas ort! Greasaibh oirbh!
What's Rhoda wearing today?
Dè an obair a th' agaibh/agad? - 'S e ... a th' annam. nurs tidsear clèireach saor portair iasgair Càit a bheil sibh/thu ag obair? - Tha mi ag obair aig an taigh. - Tha mi gun obair an-dràsta. - Tha mi ag obair ann an/am ... Comar nan Allt oifis banca bùth sgoil ospadal stèisean Tha mi trang.
Here is Rhoda today:
snàmh iasgach còcaireachd dràibheadh ball-coise iomain Is toigh leam ... Cha toigh leam ... (idir). An toigh leat ... ? An toigh leibh ... ? - Is toigh l'. - Cha toigh l'.
Here is Rhoda today:
Saturday's Guardian contained the following quote by Nadine Gordimer as an answer to her own question "What is the most important lack in your life?":
I've lived that life in Africa without learning an African language. Even in my closest friendships, literary and political activities with black fellow South Africans, they speak only English with me. If they're conversing together in one of their mother tongues (and all speak at least three or four of each other's), I don't understand more than a few words that have passed into our common South African use of English. So I'm deaf to an essential part of the South African culture to which I'm committed and belong.
Given a society consisting of N people, there will be (N2-N)/2 possible dialogue pairs (i.e. subsets of cardinality 2) and 2N-N-1 possible multilogue groups (i.e. subsets of cardinality greater than or equal to 2).
| N | (N2-N)/2 | 2N-N-1 |
|---|---|---|
| 10 | 45 | 1013 |
| 100 | 4950 | 1.27x1030 |
| 1000 | 499,500 | ... |
| 10000 | 49,995,000 | ... |
The dialogue inclusion of society S is defined as the proportion of the possible dialogue pairs which are communicating pairs (i.e. the two members have a common language). The multilogue inclusion of society S is defined as the proportion of the possible multilogue groups which are communicating groups (i.e. all members have a common language).
In order for a society to have a multilogue inclusion of 1, there must be a universal language which is common to all members - although it may still be possible for particular subsets to have 'private' conversations in non-universal languages. However this is not true for dialogue inclusion - imagine a society of 3 (groups of) people A, B and C where A speaks English and French, B speaks English and German, and C speaks French and German. Thus, multilogue inclusion appears to be a better measure of conversational inclusion.
NB: Can we come up with models which penalise private languages? Or models which reward them? Multilogue exclusion - the proportion of the multilogue groups which have a private language wrt the society as a whole? How many languages for a society S whose multilogue exclusion is 1? 2|S|-|S|-1. In other words, 1030 for a society of 100 people! Note that if multilogue exclusion is 1 then so is multilogue inclusion. However, in a monolingual society (or even a perfectly multilingual one where everyone speaks every language) multilogue exclusion will be 0.
Person P's communicative capital is the number of people in the world P can hold a dialogue with.
Society S's communicative capital is the sum of the communicative capital of all its members.
Person P's linguistic capital is the number of languages P has.
Society S's linguistic capital is the sum of the linguistic capital of every P in S.
Note that this definition implies that simply knowing a language is enough, even if you don't use it to talk to anyone.
The Foundation for Endangered Languages exists to support, enable and assist the documentation, protection and promotion of endangered languages. In order to do this, it aims:
The aim of the SOILLSE project is to build a world-class research network for Gaelic across Scotland, in order to inform government policy and induce a "paradigm shift" in the use of Gaelic in Scotland. It has £5.29 million funding over seven years, from the SFC, BnG, HIE, as well as UoE, UoG, UoA and UHIMI. The themes are:
There are two transversal themes:
NLP Technologies is a Montreal-based company, run by Atefeh Farzindar.
NLP is a North American leader in Natural Language Processing, Electronic Document Summarization of structured texts such as legal decisions, Qualitative Search solutions and Automatic Translation. We offer services that streamline the traditional cumbersome and time-consuming processes of reading, analyzing, and researching texts by using our patent-pending intelligent summarization and translation technologies. NLP Technologies’ current focus is to provide its innovative solutions to lawyers and other legal practitioners, associations, governments and courts.
Wikipedia - 241 tokens, 45 types.
Unicode: 101D0 - 101FF (i.e. 48 code points).
Aegean font - description, font
𐇐 𐇑 𐇒 𐇓 𐇔 𐇕 𐇖 𐇗 𐇘 𐇙 𐇚 𐇛 𐇜 𐇝𐇞 𐇟
𐇠 𐇡 𐇢 𐇣 𐇤 𐇥 𐇦 𐇧 𐇨 𐇩 𐇪 𐇫 𐇬 𐇭𐇮 𐇯
𐇰 𐇱 𐇲 𐇳 𐇴 𐇵 𐇶 𐇷 𐇸 𐇹 𐇺 𐇻 𐇼 𐇽
| Tokens | Types | Tokens-so-far | Types-so-far | new-types/new-tokens | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Jan | 10238 | 2619 | 10238 | 2619 | 0.26 |
| Feb | 5110 | 1554 | 15348 | 3375 | 0.14 |
| March | 15162 | 3344 | 30510 | 5298 | 0.13 |
| April | 13160 | 3060 | 43670 | 6676 | 0.10 |
review by Nicholas Ostler - "A language is a dialect with a dictionary, grammar, parser and a multi-million word corpus of texts - and they'd better all be computer tractable."
Bile na Croitearachd ga dheasbad - Debate on crofting bill
Dachaighean cùram ùra "eu-coimearsalta"
Iomairt a' leantainn an aghaidh losgadair sgudail
Sgoiltean gus dùnadh an Earra-Ghàidheal
Brataichean Gàidhlig air nochdadh an Glaschu
Trì iolairean gam marbhadh air taobh sear Chataibh
http://www.bbc.co.uk/scotland/alba/naidheachdan/story/2010/05/100512_skye_health.shtml
